TEXT/PRINT
Examples: Books, comic books*, magizines, zines, newspapers, pamphlets, *Comic Books: May require a different catogory, as Scott McCloud suggests that comics (sequential art) function in ways distinct from text or images alone.
Process (All of these terms assume the reader is active. When beginning readers are focused on sounding out words, i.e. decoding, they are not necessarily understanding the content of the text):
- Visualization: reader creates internal image, which is not literally "seen." The image is formed from the reader's experience. This includes what the reader has seen personally, and has seen in other media (such as photos, movies, TV, ads, etc.)
Actions of the active reader
- Create: Reader creates internal image
- Building connections: Readers continually make connections to the source text from past experience, and other texts and media. An initial connection may occur as the reader is scanning the line, and may continue to add connections when not reading.
Potential:
Limitations:
IMAGES
Examples: Photos, digital images, painting and traditional arts, prints (lino, woodblock, lytho, etc.), advertisementsMOVING IMAGES
Examples: Film, video, animation, TV, moviesTV
Process:
- Reader examines the image projected with light. (Reading a paused image on a TV is different than reading a photo, painting, or other still image.)
Actions of the active reader:
- Examine: The reader scan around the frame, identifying the familiar (from past experience) and the unfamiliar.
- Connect: The reader will connect familiar subjects in the frame to past experience.
- Question: When readers has identified unfamiliar subjects in the frame, they will continue looking until they find the answer
INTERNET/SOCIAL MEDIA
Examples: Blogs, Facebook, Twitter, podcasts, webcamsMUSIC
Examples: ORAL COMMUNICATION
Examples: Lectures, radio news and interviews, BODY LANGUAGE/FACIAL EXPRESSION
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